An in Depth Analysis of Five Basic Sentence Patterns Plus Adjuncts In English Grammar

Zahfira Syazwina; Nia  Audina; Indira Indira; Melda Veby Ristella  Munthe

Zahfira Syazwina English Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar
Nia Audina English Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar
Indira Indira English Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar
Melda Veby Ristella Munthe English Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar

Keywords: Sentence Patterns, English Grammar, Adjuncts, Syntactic Awareness, Written Fluency, Grammar Instruction

Abstract

This research journal presents a comprehensive and systematic exploration of the five fundamental sentence patterns in English grammar—S-V, S-V-O, S-V-C, S-V-O-O, and S-V-O-C—with an additional focus on the function of adjuncts. The study was conducted over a five-month period with a group of senior high school students in Indonesia, analyzing how the understanding and mastery of sentence structures, alongside adjunct use, significantly impact syntactic awareness and written fluency. Each pattern is examined in terms of definition, function, structural characteristics, and usage through 15 examples (with and without adjuncts). The study employs both qualitative and quantitative methods to evaluate the effectiveness of targeted grammar instruction, offering insights into pedagogical implications for English language teaching. The findings confirm a marked improvement in students’ sentence variety and syntactic control, laying groundwork for advanced grammar instruction and curriculum planning.

Author Biographies

Nia Audina, English Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar

English Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar

Indira Indira, English Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar

English Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar

Melda Veby Ristella Munthe, English Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar

English Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar