TRADISI PEMBERIAN ULOS PADA MASYARAKAT PARMALIM : KAJIAN ANTROPOLINGUISTIK

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the tradition of giving ulos to the Parmalim community using Robert Sibarani's anthropolinguistic theory, which focuses on three main aspects: performance, indexicality, and participation. This research was conducted using a qualitative method through an interactive data analysis approach that includes data collection, data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing and verification. The findings show that the performance aspect is present in the traditional ceremonies of birth (mangirdak, mamoholi, paebathon pahompu), marriage (ulaon unjuk), and death (sari matua, saur matua), which not only functions as a symbolic act but also as a medium of cultural communication through traditional speech containing meaningful prayers and advice. Indexicality is reflected in the use of ulos mangiring, ulos ragi hotang, ulos punsa, ulos bintang maratur, ulos sibolang, ulos sadum, boras sipir ni tondi, ikan mas arsik, and other symbols that represent the social and cultural meaning of the Parmalim community. Participation in this tradition involves the significant role of the hulahula, boru, and dongan tubu groups as elements in the Toba Batak social system. This research confirms that giving ulos to the Parmalim community is a form of cultural communication that strengthens social identity and preserves local wisdom.